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Showing posts with label biology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label biology. Show all posts

Thursday, August 13, 2009

"High-Fat Diet May Make You Stupid and Lazy"

From the No, REALLY?! files of science/ livescience.com


Scientists have shown that high fat diets may result in lower cognitive abilities and more difficulty exercising. For 10 days, rats were either given a high fat diet (55% calories as fat) or a low fat diet (7.5% calories as a fat). The findings were as follows:

  • After 4 days, fatty rat muscles had difficulty utilizing oxygen, as much as 4x less. This made their hearts have to work harder and increase in size.
  • After 9 days, fat rats took longer to finish a maze and made more mistakes than the lean group.
  • Build up of uncoupling protein 3 made them less efficient at using oxygen needed to make energy, ie they become lazier.

Although this seems like a big ole DUH, scientists say that this study shows the short term effects of high fat diets, in oppose to the long term consequences that have been drilled into our heads -- obesity, heart disease and diabetes. In other words, "While the finding may not seem a big surprise, the researcher say it might suggest that high-fat diets make humans lazy and stupid."

Monday, August 10, 2009

RUN! JELLYFISH ARE GOING TO RULE THE WORLD!!!

There are certain things everyone should know about Mother Nature:
1. Some animals are sort of ugly.
2. Animals are trying to kill us.
3. You don't f*ck with Mother Nature. Seriously.

Case in point, Turritopsis nutricula aka the Immortal Jellyfish.


I'm older than Jesus.

WTF is it? Am I going to run into one? Well, it's a jellyfish. Actually it is a hydrozoan, but it's pretty much a jellyfish. They are normally found in warm tropical waters but is believed to spreading because of ships dumping their water in various ports.

What do they do? They are solitary predators...which is boring. The big deal is that they are theoretically immortal. When they become sexually mature, instead of growing old like the rest of us, they revert back to the polyp stage (in other words, they become babies again). The animals do this via transdifferentiation, which is a fancy way of saying that they can change their cells into a different type of cell. This isn't anything special to certain members of the species either. In laboratory studies, 100% of the jellyfish reverted back to this stage.

What does this mean for me? These animals are only 4-5mm long in diameter meaning you probably won't notice them if they were in front of you. However, you might not have noticed THESE THINGS ARE IMMORTAL. So, it's possible they can continue reproducing but never dying. And possibly combine together in a network to make a big godzilla-jellyfish (Jell-zilla) monster who can kill us all. Although they can't do this NOW, the COULD do it later. Evolution, people. It will kill us all. (Except these jellyfish).

Want to read more on this hiccup in the circle of life??:
Turritopsis nutricula: the world's only 'immortal' creature
Cheating Death: The Immortal Life Cycle of Turritopsis





Thursday, August 6, 2009

10 Endangered Species That Are Too Ugly To Live by Atom.com

Taken DIRECTLY from Atom.com:



Scientists love to tell us how we're killing the earth with our indulgences. One day its perfectly fine to hunt spotted owls in old growth forest with a hairspray-fueled flamethrower and the next it's a travesty. I don't get it either.

It's bad enough they're robbing us of our simple pleasures, but they're making hard just to function. If you believe the "facts", you can't even hit the gas on your SUV without 312 of these adorable Pygmy Possums spontaneously croaking.

"Never mind our genocide, you have a mini-mall to get to. We understand."

Even the most jaded among us probably felt a twinge of guilt when you considered how our actions impact that doe-eyed critter. They really are endangered, even more so when you factor in the 7 of them I shook to death for my morning workout. However, for every adorable critter we've pushed to the brink of extinction, we're also doing our part to destroy a bunch of butt-ugly ones too.

The hideous face of genetic diversity

If we all do our part to waste natural resources, the ten horrorshows below will soon be a distant memory. It may seem an impossible dream, but as Lao Tzu once said, "A journey of 1,000 miles starts with a single murder."

1. Hybrid Spider Monkey

Also known as the OMGutaun and Sex Doll Monkey, the hybrid spider monkey lives in small, fragmented populations in Colombia and Venezuela. Humans occasionally hunt them for food, but mostly because that surprised look on their face before they get capped is just priceless.

Mankind has been encroaching on their habitat for years for agricultural purposes. This is unfortunate, but, as any aficionado of Venezuelan blow can tell you, it's totally worth it. The government has attempted to stave this off by sponsoring an anti-drug ad campaign, but so far it has only yielded giggles:




2. California Condor

You've probably heard the old adage "A face only a mother could love". The California condor tests that assertion freshly hatched and then pushes the boundaries further with each day it lives:

If it were aborted, would you know the difference?

People are quick to blame pesticides and loss of habitat for the endangerment of this bird, but it has to have occurred to someone that even their own mothers probably deem them too fugly to live.

This condor is unusual in that it is monogamous and pair-bonds for life. It would be even more interesting if anyone believed that a bird looking like this had any chance in playing the field:



3. Axolotl

This first runner-up in the Endangered Animal Most Resembling My Penis With A Fur Collar competition represents the best reason not to trust Al Gore. He's free to bombard us with as many unfortunate truths about global warming as he likes, but when he doesn't mention punting this creature as an ancillary benefit of it, he's just not being 100% honest.

The axolotl not only has to contend with climate changes vanishing their habitat, but many Mexico City locals collect them for pets. It's a great gift for children to whom you wish to impart "I love you, but not enough to buy you puppy."


4. California Freshwater Shrimp

This creature's rather slight build is probably part of a defense strategy. By remaining largely translucent it will certainly not stand out to predators. It's just a shame that evolution left the visible 20% looking like hunchbacked, scaly turd-casing.

Hiding is also part of its M.O. in terms of habitat choice. It prefers to live in the overhanging vegetation and exposed root structures in riverbeds, much of which is disturbed by local industries (mining, timber harvesting, etc.). The real crime is that these disgusting creatures are more than happy to hide away and industrial greed is now forcing me to look at them. Up yours, mining.

5. Helmeted Hornbill

People always joke that the playpus is an odd assortment of parts, yet it somehow retains a unique charm. This bird looks like someone tried to recreate that magic by cobbling some lung tumors and a massive beak-colored zit together. They failed.

The hornbill's casque is considered very valuable as a source "ivory" for carving tools. Not that cutting off the head isn't its own reward.

6. Aye-Aye

This is an aye-aye after a 3-day weekend filled with ample sleep, gourmet cooking, daily Swedish massages, and hatha yoga sessions. It still has the crazed, harried look of a creature recently dragged behind a truck on a road paved with cactus needles.

The nocturnal lemur is thwarted by both diminishing habitat and the locals' belief that it is an omen of death. This silly superstition is based on nothing more than than the fact that the Aye-Aye is entirely unafraid of humans, the perpetual sneering of its rodent-like teeth, that its long skeletal fingers are designed for harvesting grubs, insects, and souls, that its eyes perpetually burn with flickering hellfire, and that someone in the village dies every time an Aye-Aye crosses their path. Silly backwards primitives!

7. Uakari

The uakari, or Poor Cranial Circulation Monkey, lives in trees in western Brazil and eastern Peru. It is also the winner of the aforementioned Endangered Animal Most Resembling My Penis With A Fur Collar competition, but that really says more about my penis than this similarly unattractive creature. No more topical cream orders from the internet for me!

Their name comes from the indigenous term for "Dutchmen", likely a reference to the sunburned faces of European explorers that uncovered their sunny shores. The Europeans took the joke in stride and playfully got them back by tainting all their gifts to the natives with smallpox.


8. Purple Burrowing Frog

This isn't just a pile of sentient mucus, it's a marketing opportunity:


The south Indian habitat of these burrowing frogs is being encroached upon by the growing needs of the coffee crop. If someone told me I was going to be killing a poor defenseless animal just to enjoy my coffee, I might actually feel a twinge of guilt (though I'd probably mistake it for gas...coffee doesn't sit well with me). But if someone told me it was this monstrosity, I'd probably order a carafe to go. Are you pickin up what I'm sending out, Starbucks?

9. Dugongs

It's hard to imagine how a creature like this could possibly be endangered. You would think that a fat, sedentary dim-witted bottom feeder that would be out-maneuvered by your average slug would would sitting pretty at the top of the food chain, but somehow that hasn't manifested.

The dugong may look like a seal struck with an inflammatory allergic reaction, but it is actually a close cousin of the manatee. Similarly, they suffer issues with destruction of habitat through runoff polution, though the dugong is unique in that it is also prized as a source of meat and oil. They are hunted by placing a large net twenty feet in front of them, which will ensnare them upon reaching it 3 days later.

10. Snake Skin Hunter Slug

Slugs aren't generally known for their rakish good looks, so to stand out as repulsive by their standard is really noteworthy. This slug not only emulates the color of vomit, it goes the extra mile to copycat its texture as well.

Not a lot is known about this creature. This is partly due to them being so scarce, partly because no biologist wants to pull the short straw and spend their day studying a yellow turd.

Special thanks to Scientific American and the Endangered Ugly Blog.

Wednesday, July 29, 2009

10 Worst Evolutionary Designs

Taken directly from Wired Magazine.


Illustration: Roman Klonek

1 Sea mammal blowhole. Any animal that spends appreciable time in the ocean should be able to extract oxygen from water via gills. Enlarging the lungs and moving a nostril to the back of the head is a poor work-around.

2 Hyena clitoris. When engorged, this "pseudopenis," which doubles as the birth canal, becomes so hard it can crush babies to death during exit.

3 Kangaroo teat. In order to nurse, the just-born joey, a frail and squishy jellybean, must clamber up Mom's torso and into her pouch for a nipple.

4 Giraffe birth canal. Mama giraffes stand up while giving birth, so baby's entry into the world is a 5-foot drop. Wheeee! Crack.

5 Goliath bird-eating spider exoskeleton. This giant spider can climb trees to hunt very mobile prey. Yet it has a shell so fragile it practically explodes when it falls? Well, at least it can produce silk to make a sail. Oh, wait — it can't!

6 Shark-fetus teeth. A few shark species have live births (instead of laying eggs). The Jaws juniors grow teeth in the womb. The first sibling or two to mature sometimes eat their siblings in utero. Mmm ... siblings.

7 Human stomach. People can digest a lot — except for cellulose, the primary component of plant matter. Why don't we have commensal bacteria in our guts to do it? They're busy helping termites.

8 Slug genitalia. Some hermaphroditic species breed by wrapping their sex organs around each other. If one of said members gets stuck, the slug simply chews it off. What. The. Hell?

9 Quadrupeds. Let's say you're a four-footed animal. Now let's say you get a wound on your back, or an itch, or a bug wandering up there. Tough luck, kid. You probably can't do much about it. Hope there's a low branch around.

10 Narwhal tusk. The unicorn-like protuberance on a male narwhal's head is actually a tooth that erupts through the front of the jaw and keeps on growing, up to 9 feet. Narwhal: "Doc, I have a toothache." Dentist: "Indeed."

Tuesday, July 28, 2009

Next Time You Drink..

Saturday, July 25, 2009

The Science Behind: Sea Pigs



This post is suggested by my brother, who really really wants a sea pig for an unknown reason.





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WTF is it?: A reject a pokemon. Bringer of nightmares. The sea pig is actually a sea cucumber and are related to starfish, sea urchins and sand dollars (phylum Echinoderms). They have 10 tentacles and tube feet.

Am I going to run into one?: No, unless you are a mermaid. Sea pigs live on the abyssal plains, which means thousands of meters deep ocean floor. Also, echinoderms seem to be very successful at severe ocean depths...ie, there are a crapload of sea pigs chillin down there.

What do they do?: Party with Spongebob and eat dirt. The ocean floor is incredibly rich in organic material that sprinkles down from the top. Sea cucumbers comb through the ocean floor sifting through the mud and sand, eating food that has settled in the past 100 days.






Mmmm, dirt.



What does this mean for me?: Really nothing. You are never going to see them and they eat sand. However, you may lie awake a night thinking there are hundreds, if not thousands of these little squishy pink things walking 6000meters deep in the ocean and that evolution could play a cruel trick, give em fins and lungs and in several thousand years they will crawl out of the ocean and eat your descendants brains.


Want to read more?:
Sea Cucumbers: Holothuroidea - Sea Pig (scotoplanes Globosa): Species Accounts
The Echinoblog: Because you demanded it!: The SEA PIG!!